[72], In extra-biblical inscriptions, the earliest known example of the -ayim ending was discovered on a column about 3 km west of ancient Jerusalem, dated to the first century BCE.[72]. Herzl in the south. source: UNESCO/ERI The complex contains a state-of-the-art museum that explores the genocide of the Jews through exhibits that focus on the personal stories of individuals and families killed in the Holocaust. [311] The Tyropoeon Valley commenced in the northwest near the Damascus Gate, ran south-southeasterly through the center of the Old City down to the Pool of Siloam, and divided the lower part into two hills, the Temple Mount to the east, and the rest of the city to the west (the lower and the upper cities described by Josephus). [137] Jerusalem resumed its role as capital of Judah and center of Jewish worship. Jerusalem has been sacred to Judaism for roughly 3000 years, to Christianity for around 2000 years, and to Islam for approximately 1400 years. "Israel without the Bible". (Gilbert 1998, p. 80) The violence abated for about a year while the British sent the Peel Commission to investigate. In Greek and Latin the city's name was transliterated Hierosolyma (Greek: Ἱεροσόλυμα; in Greek hieròs, ἱερός, means holy), although the city was renamed Aelia Capitolina for part of the Roman period of its history. © UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992-2020 [202], The great number of Christian orphans resulting from the 1860 civil war in Mount Lebanon and the Damascus massacre led in the same year to the opening of the German Protestant Syrian Orphanage, better known as the Schneller Orphanage after its founder. . [454] The most popular Palestinian football club is Jabal Al Mukaber (since 1976) which plays in West Bank Premier League. [99] The draft mandates for Mesopotamia and Palestine, and all of the post-war peace treaties contained clauses for the protection of religious groups and minorities. [27] In November 1935, two of his men engaged in a firefight with a Palestine police patrol hunting fruit thieves and a policeman was killed. New (Double, Single, Tanners')Al-Mawazin, "Ir Hakodesh", "Al-Quds", and "Bayt al-Maqdis" redirect here. [332] Of the Jewish population, 200,000 live in East Jerusalem settlements which are considered illegal under international law. The partition plan was rejected out of hand by Palestinian Arab leadership and by most of the Arab population. 63, 69)(Segev 2000, pp.

Jerusalem is the state broadcasting center of Israel. [160] The conquered city would remain in Sassanid hands for some fifteen years until the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius reconquered it in 629. "; p. 72, at Dec 1947 "The League vowed, in very general language, "to try to stymie the partition plan and prevent the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine,", "The Arabs rejected the United Nations Partition Plan so that any comment of theirs did not specifically concern the status of the Arab section of Palestine under partition but rather rejected the scheme in its entirety. [378] The al-Aqsa Mosque, derived from the name mentioned in the Qur'an, was built on the Temple Mount under the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid to commemorate the place from which Muslims believe Muhammad ascended to Heaven. [309] The whole of Jerusalem is surrounded by valleys and dry riverbeds (wadis). 3–5, Walid Khalidi (1996) Islam, the West and Jerusalem. All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the millet arrangement. Arabs in Jerusalem can send their children to Israeli-run schools, although not every neighborhood has one, and universities. Following the bombing, the British Government began interning illegal Jewish immigrants in Cyprus. Local newspapers include Kol Ha'Ir and The Jerusalem Times. Outside the Old City stands the Garden Tomb. UNSCOP conducted hearings and made a general survey of the situation in Palestine, and issued its report on 31 August.

Political Transformation. Jerusalem's population size and composition has shifted many times over its 5,000-year history. There was also support for the radical nationalist Independence Party (Hizb al-Istiqlal), which called for a boycott of the British in the manner of the Indian Congress Party. Due to the general lack of international recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital, some non-Israeli media outlets use Tel Aviv as a metonym for Israel. Following the Arab rejection of the Peel Commission recommendation, the revolt resumed in autumn of 1937.

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